Strategic warfare in cyberspace pdf

Department of defense strategy for operating in cyberspace department of defense strategy for operating in cyberspace. Whether at the tactical, operational, or strategic level, be the expertdeliver relevant outcomes. Request pdf on sep 1, 2003, blaise cronin and others published strategic warfare in cyberspace, by gregory j. The paper examines the russian approach to cyber warfare, addressing both its theoretical and its practical underpinnings. War from cyberspace mara commissioned work that developed a strategy of deterrence, including withhold ing attacks on cities, controlling escalation. In brief congressional research service summary recent incidents have highlighted the lack of consensus internationally on what defines a cyberattack, an act of war in cyberspace, or cyberterrorism. This strategic guide follows the operational design methodology and the joint operation planning process jopp detailed in joint publication 50, joint operation planning and applies these principles to the cyberspace domain found in joint publication 312r, cyberspace operations. Air university press, 1997 excerpt modern military theory divides war into strategic, operational, and tactical levels.

Given the differences between american and russian conceptions of cyber as a strategic tool, the u. Espionage meets strategic deterrence 3 the dynamics of the cyberspace realm mean that it is easier to attack than to defend. Most importantly, it needs to modify its policy of treating information warfare as a separate entity from cyber. The authors would like to extend their thanks to dr.

The may 2011 department of defense strategy for operating in cyberspace guided the defense departments cyber activities and operations in support of u. Cyber operations provide a new way to achieve military and perhaps strategic advantage, but this will not come from some virtual equivalent of nuclear catastrophe or the strategic bombing against industry seen in world war ii. It examines the possibility of successfully implementing the strategy of deterrence in order to prevent cyber attacks, or analyzes the way the us can use cyber warfare in order to deter other threats it faces. Fleet cyber command tenth fleet strategic plan 20152020 strategic environment technology doesnt change human nature, it just extends the reach and speed at which human nature can play out. As such, it joins the historic domains of land, sea, air, and space. The department must respond to these activities by exposing, disrupting, and degrading cyber. But could not a state use cyber means as a weapon of mass destruction or disruption, targeting an enemys nicholas a. Today, small teams of special operators armed with asymmetric cybertools, irregular warfare tactics, and mass disinformation can have truly strategic effects.

Treat cyberspace as an operational domain to organize, train, and equip so that dod can take full advantage of cyberspace s potential 5. Strategic information warfare and postcold war strategy. Chinese military observers and scholars argue that in order to guarantee victory in a modern war, the peoples liberation army pla must first achieve superiority in the information domain, preferably by striking first. Strategic competition in cyberspace the united states strategic competitors are conducting cyber enabled campaigns to erode u. Employ new defense operating concepts to protect dod networks and systems 6. Jp 30, joint operations, 17 january 2017, incorporating. Understanding military strategy and the four levels of war when strategy gets thrown around by politicians and the media, you can bet its being misused. Although the media has paid a good deal of attention to information warfare, most treatments so far are overly broad and without analytical foundations. A comparative analysis of the development of mdo and the historical concepts of active defense and airland battle reveals the necessity of greater insight into sources of russian and chinese behavior and countering mechanisms, what constitutes effective deterrence, and greater clarity regarding the political will. Strategic warfare in cyberspace swic takes discussions of information security policy to a new level. Chapter 1 provides an overview of cyberspace operations, operational design.

Freedom of action in cyberspace is a basic requirement for mission assurance. Strategic targets in the united states may be just as vulnerable to attack as intheater command, control, communications, and intelligence c3i targets. Understanding the strategic purpose for cyber power is important. Why america will remain the worlds sole superpower. The center for strategic and budgetary assessments csba is an independent, nonpartisan policy research institute established to promote innovative thinking and debate about national security strategy and investment options. She is currently pursuing her phd in the harvard department of government, where her research interests include military innovation and comparative cyberspace doctrine. However, having the cyberspace capacity to achieve this freedom of action should not be taken for granted. It defines cyberspace, cyberspace operations, computer network exploitation cne, and computer network attack cna. Rather, cyber effects will be produced by the manipulation of software, data, knowledge, and opinion. Our adversaries have exploited the velocity and volume of data and events in cyberspace to make the domain more hostile. The white house, national military strategy for cyberspace operations, 2006. Maintaining an effective nuclear deterrent is much less expensive than fighting a war that we were unable to deter.

The cyberspace domain that existed at the creation of us cyber command uscybercom has changed. Russia views cyber very differently than its western counterparts, from the way russian theorists define cyberwarfare to how the kremlin employs its cyber capabilities. Levels of warfare three levels of warfare strategic, operational, and tacticalmodel the relationship between national objectives and tactical actions. Does the us army in multidomain operations 2028 lack a clear theory of victory. It has done this for thousands of years, and todays cyber technology is no exception. Trends and challenges in research amir lupovici in recent years a growing number of researchers have expanded the discussion of deterrence strategy to a host of new threats. According to international relations scholar erik gartzke, cyber war. This paper offers five strategic reasons why cyber warfare is on the rise. Cyber operations, to the russian mind, are regarded more broadly. Three levels of war usaf college of aerospace doctrine, research and education cadre air and space power mentoring guide, vol. Lt col rattray is uniquely qualified to write this book, serving as commander of the 23rd information operations squadron in the air force information warfare center. All this might lead to a belief that the historic constructs of warforce, offense, defense, deterrencecan be applied to cyberspace with little modification. In late 2015, the peoples liberation army pla initiated reforms that have brought dramatic changes to its structure, model of warfighting, and organizational culture, including the creation of a strategic support force ssf that centralizes most pla space, cyber, electronic, and psychological warfare capabilities.

Isbn 9789949954452 pdf nato cooperative cyber defence. All this might lead to a belief that the historic constructs of war force, offense, defense, deterrencecan be applied to cyberspace with little modification. Army war college strategic cyberspace operations guide contains six chapters. In the information age, information systems may serve as both weapons and targets. Trump the white house september 2018 ii the national cyber strategy demonstrates my commitment to strengthening americas. Military cyber capabilities appear to be on the same path. Russias use of strategic cyber espionage and information operations in ukraine.

A comprehensive analysis of strategic information warfare waged via digital means as a distinct concern for the united states and its allies. Strategic studies institute ssi us army war college. Request pdf on jun 1, 2002, john arquilla and others published strategic warfare in cyberspace by gregory j. The employment of cyber warfare to assist combat forces is operational, while targeting critical economic infrastructure is a precision attack on physical assets. Cognitive effect and state conflict in cyberspace center. Continued, exponential progress in processing power and memory capacity has made it hardware not only faster but also smaller, lighter, cheaper, and easier to use. This chapter introduces the core concepts of cyberspace and cyber warfare in detail and serves as a primer for later discussions of the application of deterrence theory to cyberspace and potential mitigating solutions. Cyber command marks the ascent of cyberspace as a military domain. Brief on chinas three warfares prepared by delex systems, inc. Treat cyberspace as an operational domain to organize, train, and equip so that dod can take full advantage of cyberspace s. Strategic cyberspace operations guide army war college. Use the link below to share a fulltext version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Center for strategic and international studies r unidi.

This trend raises questions regarding norms for cyberwarfare, the obligations of states regarding the application of offensive cyber capabilities, and the applicability of existing laws of war and norms on use of force in cyberspace. Unlike the cold war era in which the study of deterrence focused primarily on deterrence. Sally white is a cyberspace operations officer in the us army. Maintenance costs for todays nuclear deterrent are approximately three percent of the annual defense budget. Just as operating in the air domain requires having the capacity to. Our exercise scenario highlighted from the start a fundamental aspect of strategic information warfare. In brief congressional research service 1 he information technology it industry has evolved greatly over the last half century. Chinas rapid progress in space, cyber, and electronic warfare technologies holds important implications for asian security. This new strategy sets prioritized strategic goals and objectives for dods cyber activities and missions to achieve over the next five years.

Lambert brits krieg the strategy of economic warfare 8. Aggressive cyber warfare strategies and tactics offer many advantages to their prospective. Gabi siboni and supported by the philadelphiabased joseph and jeanette neubauer foundation. Understanding military strategy and the four levels of war. The strategic promise of offensive cyber operations air university. Center for strategic and budgetary assessments about not so much.